Pollutant of Global Trends in the Marine Ecosystems around the Spermonde Archipelagos

This study primarily focuses on pollutant of Global trends in the Marine Ecosystems around the Spermonde Archipelagos. Contaminants known as Global Trenches Pollutants (GTP) are absent from healthy marine environments. When using marine resources for marine tourism, accuracy and prudence are required to avoid future ecological dangers that have a cascading effect on human health as well as aquatic ecosystems. The study identifies exposure to GTP: microplastics (MP), polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), heavy metal (HM), pesticide residue (PR), and medical waste (MW) in marine ecosystems the Marine Tourism Area (MTA) area and Barrang Caddi Island (BCI) waters. A combination of qualitative and quantitative analysis methods was used with a combination of analytical instruments and mathematical formulas. The search results show the average total abundance of MP in seawater and fish samples (5.47 units/m3) and (7.03 units/m3) as well as in sediment and sponge samples (8.18 units/m3) and (8.32 units/m3). Based on an analysis of the polymer structure, it was identified that the dominant group is MP, from polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), and polystyrene (PS), followed by polyamidenylon (PA) and polycarbonate (PC). Several PAHs pollutants were identified in the samples. In particular, Naphthalene (NL) types were the most common in all samples, followed by pyrene (PN) and azulene (AZ). BCI sea waters are suspected to be exposed to MW and PR. Pb+2 and Cu+2 pollutants around BCI were successfully calculated, showing average concentrations in seawater of 0.164 mg/L and 0.294 mg/L, respectively, while in fish, concentrations were 1.8110 µg/g and 2,452 µg/g, respectively. Based on these findings, the BCI area is not recommended as a marine tourism destination. BCI is maintained as a marine tourism area, it is feared that its ecosystem will enter an ecological hazard state, which will have a chain effect, not only on the aquatic ecosystem around the BCI but also on the sponge populations and fish, leaving them unfit for consumption and subsequently causing health problems for the community.