Exploring the Complex Interplay: Diabetes Mellitus and Vitamin C - a Comprehensive Review of the Relationship, Mechanisms, and Therapeutic Implications

This review provides a comprehensive analysis of multiple research studies that have examined the complex association between diabetes mellitus and vitamin C levels. Diabetes, precisely type 2 diabetes, is linked to changes in vitamin C metabolism, which can result in decreased levels of plasma ascorbate. The interaction between factors such as high blood sugar, reduced sensitivity to insulin, being overweight, and lifestyle choices (such as smoking) has a substantial impact on the levels of vitamin C. The link between glucose and vitamin C is further complicated by competitive inhibition for cellular absorption. Oxidative stress, which occurs as a result of diabetes, leads to the reduction of antioxidant defense, such as vitamin C, potentially worsening diabetic problems. Although several research indicates reduced vitamin C levels in individuals with diabetes, other studies show contradictory results, underscoring the intricate nature of this relationship. The outcome variability can be ascribed to differences in study participants, methodology, and regional disparities. This study examines the possible therapeutic implications of vitamin C supplementation in managing diabetes. The evidence indicates that vitamin C supplementation can improve insulin resistance, glycemic control, and antioxidant enzyme activity.

Nevertheless, the efficacy of these therapies can be contingent upon the unique attributes of each patient and the specific stage of their diabetes. This review highlights the intricate correlation between diabetes mellitus and vitamin C, elucidating a multifaceted interaction mediated by oxidative stress, lifestyle variables, and metabolic abnormalities. Additional investigation is required to explain the exact mechanisms and assess the potential of vitamin C supplementation as a therapeutic approach to managing diabetes.