All Optical Half Adder Based on Two Dimensional Photonic Crystals

In this Chapter, initially, the introduction, history, types and applications of Photonic crystal is
discussed. Then, the design and analysis of all optical half adder based on two dimensional photonic
crystals is presented. A half adder is a type of adder that performs the addition of numbers. The half
adder is able to add two single binary digits and provide the output plus a carry value. The proposed
half adder is designed using hexagonal lattice with the “X” shaped defect. The performance analysis
of half adder is investigated for the combination such as A=1,B=0;A=0,B=1;A=1,B=1.The functional
parameters of half adder such as normalized efficiency, bit rate, contrast ratio and the maximum
delay time is calculated. The size of the proposed device is very small. Hence, it can be desirable for
optical computing in future optical networks.