Mitigating Environmental Effects in Halide Perovskites through Hybrid Perovskite-Polymer Nanocomposites: A Short Review

Metal halide perovskites are currently making notable strides in the development of next-generation optoelectronic and photovoltaic devices. Prototype lab-based devices have exhibited high efficiencies for photovoltaic applications. However, the high performance cannot be maintained for practically useful lengths of time due to degradation of the perovskite layer on exposure to environmental factors such as moisture, oxygen, and heat. This limits the widespread use of these materials in commercial devices. This review of hybrid perovskite-polymer nanocomposites begins by highlighting the significant structural and optoelectrical properties of metal halide perovskites. The discourse moves on to the elucidation of the deleterious effects of environmental stressors on the movement of charge carriers in photovoltaic devices based on these materials. Various mitigatory measures are then considered, with the narrative eventually narrowing down to perovskite-polymer nanocomposites, where the synergistic combination of the two materials is critically analyzed. The conclusion looks at the challenges and opportunities presented by polymer-metal halide perovskite nanocomposites and the potential role they may play in the development of low-cost photovoltaic and optoelectronic devices.