The Role of Erythroferrone Hormone as Erythroid and Iron Regulator in Several Hematological Disorders

Erythroferrone (ERFE) is a hormone produced by erythroblasts in the bone marrow in response to erythropoietin controlling iron storage release through its actions on hepcidin, which acts on hepatocytes to suppress expression of the hormone hepcidin. Erythroferrone now considered is one of potential clinical biomarkers for assessing erythropoiesis activity in patients with blood disorders regarding to iron imbalance. Since discovery of in 2014 by Dr. Leon Kautz and colleagues and till now no more enough studies in Erythroferrone among human, most studies are conducted in animals. In this chapter we briefly address the Role of Erythroferrone hormone as erythroid regulator of hepcidin and iron metabolism during thalassemia, anemia of inflammation, and iron deficiency anemia. Studies in this review were identified through a search using the following electronic databases: PubMed, Academia, Scopus, Google Scholar, and another open database source.

Conclusion: Most of studies concluded that, in people with thalassemia anemia of inflammation, and iron deficiency anemia, erythroferrone levels in the blood are higher than in people without thalassemia and iron deficiency anemia. Knowing the mechanisms of erythroferrone as erythroid regulator of hepcidin and iron metabolism during thalassemia and in iron deficiency anemia important in the diagnosis and treatment for both conditions. The erythroferrone hormone may act as potential factor in physiological hepcidin suppressor in cases with iron deficiency anemia and thalassemia disease and play a key role in treatment process among those patients in status of iron deficiency or iron overload. However, till now few studies of the function of ERFE in humans because is recently discovered and remains to be investigated and most studies are conducted among animals.